Where errors show up
Wrong rate class (you're billed as a small commercial when you should be on a TOU rate that'd save 15%), unused contracted demand (you're paying for 200 kW of capacity but peak at 80 kW), TDU tariff misclassification, missed nodal price adjustments, and double-billed ancillary services.
How to audit
Pull 12 months of bills. Build a spreadsheet of each line item by month. Compare against your TDU's published tariff for your rate class. Pull your meter's 15-minute interval data from the smart meter portal. Reconcile billed kWh vs. interval-recorded kWh. Errors of 1-3% are common; >5% errors trigger formal disputes.
When to hire it out
For accounts spending under $50K/year on electricity, DIY usually pencils. Above that, third-party energy management consultants typically work on contingency (15-25% of recovered overcharges) and have software that automates the audit. Pays for itself if there's anything to find.
